基于虚拟水的小流域综合治理水资源响应

A Virtual Water-Based Analysis on the Response of Water Resources to Small Watershed Integrated Management

为揭示小流域水土流失综合治理的水资源基本响应,借鉴虚拟水思想,对比分析了马家沟流域1999年和2007年的农产品生产性和消费性虚拟水量及其结构。结果表明:2007年该流域主要农作物和畜产品单位质量虚拟水含量较1999年大都有不同程度的下降,农牧生产性虚拟水量2007年较1999年上升了5.42%,消费性虚拟水量下降了1.29%,虚拟水净输出增加了10.56%。尽管单位质量农畜产品虚拟水含量有所下降,但虚拟水的净输出仍然可能加剧流域水资源短缺,不利于生态恢复。因此,应在流域内生产水资源消耗较低的作物和畜产品,并要充分利用流域内的地表径流量。

In order to reveal the response of water resources to the soil and water loss integrated management in the Majiagou small watershed and using ＂Virtual Water＂ thinking, the present study addressed the quantity and structure of the virtual water embedded in crop and livestock products in 1999 and 2007, aiming to provide a theoretical foundation for resolving the water resources scarcity in the case studied area. The results show that the virtual water content of livestock and crop products per unit decline to different extent in 2007, compared to that in 1999. The productive virtual water for crop and livestock products is increased by 5.42% in 2007, the consumption virtual water for crop and livestock products is de-creased by 1.29%, and the net output of virtual water quantity from this watershed is elevated by 10.56%, respectively compared to that in 1999. In spite of the decreases in the virtual water content of livestock and crop products per unit, the increase in the net output of virtual water quantity from the Majiagou small watershed can aggravate its water resource scarcity. This is detrimental to the ecological restoration in this watershed. It should produce the crop and livestock products with lower water consumption in the basin and make full use of runoff of the basin.