壳聚糖基橡胶树割面喷雾剂及其抗菌防寒效果研究

The Study on Chitosan-Based Aerosol for Cutting Surface of Rubber Trees and Its Antimicrobial and Cold-Prevention Effects

利用壳聚糖良好的成膜防寒作用和茶树油较强的抗菌杀菌作用,研究一种新型的壳聚糖基橡胶树割面喷雾剂以替代传统的橡胶树割面涂封剂。通过对割面喷雾剂的成膜性能、膜的力学性能、表面结构、耐水性、透气性等性能进行了表征,并研究了割面喷雾剂对条溃疡病主要致病菌柑桔褐腐疫霉的抗菌效果及其对橡胶树割面的防寒效果。实验结果表明,壳聚糖基橡胶树割面喷雾剂具有良好的成膜性能,形成的复合膜不溶于水,拉伸强度σ为5.3 MPa;对CO2的透过率为1.99%,对O2的透过率为13.67%;割面喷雾剂对柑桔褐腐疫霉的抗菌率可达到99.8%;经喷雾剂处理后橡胶树割面的爆皮爆胶寒害现象显著下降,死皮恢复率达90.0%。壳聚糖基橡胶树割面喷雾剂具有良好的抗菌防寒效果,并以喷雾方式代替传统涂封方式,使用方便,可为橡胶树割面保护提供新的技术方法和途径。

The objective of the study was to make an efficient aerosol to replace the traditional coating agent for cutting surfaces of rubber trees. A novel chitosan-based aerosol for cutting surface of rubber trees was developed based on the excellent film-formation properties, antimicrobial effects of chitosan and the strong antimicrobial effects of tea tree oil. The film-formation properties of aerosol, the mechanical properties, surface structure, water resistance, air permeability and the antimicrobial effects on phytophthora citrophthora and cold-prevention effect of an aerosol composite membrane were investigated. The experimental results showed that the chitosan-based aerosol for cutting surfaces of rubber trees could obtain excellent film-formation properties. The aerosol composite membrane was insoluble in water, with 5.3 MPa of tensile strength, 24.6% of breaking elongation, 1.99% of transmissivity for CO2, 13.67% of transmissivity for 02, and 99.8% antimicrobial rate toward phytophthora citrophthora. The phenomenon of blasting latex of rubber tree caused by chilling injury was significantly decreased after aerosol treatment, and the dead skin recovery rate of rubber trees was 90.0%. Therefore, It is concluded that the chitosan-based aerosol for cutting surfaces of rubber trees was a user-friendly product with excellent antifreezing and antibacterial effects, which can provide a new strategy for cutting surface protection of rubber tree.