基于COI基因对犀角工艺品真伪的鉴别

Applying COI gene for the authentication of the rhinoceros horn and its products

犀角及其制品在市场上价格昂贵,准确鉴定其真伪对于维护市场秩序,打击走私,保护珍稀濒危野生动物具有重要意义。采用磁珠法提取疑似犀角工艺品A和市售仿伪工艺品B的总DNA,并选用COI基因,进行扩增、测序,在NCBI中BLAST比对,并构建系统进化树,结果表明被检测的疑似犀角工艺品A的COI基因序列与非洲黑犀的同源性高达99%,聚为一类,而市售仿伪工艺品B与家牛同源性高达100%,因此该疑似犀角工艺品A应属于非洲黑犀,市售仿伪工艺品B属于家牛。本研究首次建立了应用COI基因鉴定犀角及其制品的分子生物学方法,有利于鉴别犀角及犀角制品的真伪。

The cost of the rhinoceros horn and its products is very expensive in the market. It＇ s very clear that the authenticity testing of the rhinoceros horn and its products will help to keep the market order, combat smuggling and protect the rare and endangered wild animals. The magnetic bead method was used to extract the total DNA from the potential artificial of rhinoceros horn and the artificial products in the market, the COI gene was selected to be amplified and sequenced, its sequences were Blasted in GenBank, and then the phylogenetic tree was built. The results showed that the homology of the sequence of COI gene between the potential artificial of rhinoceros horn and Diceros bicornis is 99% ,and the homology of the sequence of COI gene between the ox horn and the artificial products in the market is 100%. It suggested the potential artificial of rhinoceros horn should be from Diceros bicornis, and the artificial products in the market should be from Bos taurus. This research established a new molecular biology method which was accurately reliable and utility with the COI gene to identification the rhinoceros horn and its products firstly. It can be used for the authenticity testing of rhinoceros horn to prevent poaching or smuggling the rhinoceros horn and its products.