贫金属星中子俘获元素丰度

The Abundances of Neutron-capture Elements in Metal-poor Stars

贫金属星的中子俘获元素丰度与恒星的形成和演化密切相关，它为研究星系形成早期的历史背景和化学演化提供了重要信息。贫金属星中子俘获元素丰度的研究已成为近年来核天体物理研究的前沿和热点。介绍了恒星内部重元素的核合成图像，ｓ过程和ｒ过程核合成的概念及其核合成场所。着重介绍了近年来有关贫金属星中子俘获元素丰度的观测结果，综述了近年来贫金属星中子俘获元素丰度分布的理论研究进展情况和中子俘获元素的星系化学演化的研究进展情况，并且提出了在该领域进一步开展理论和观测研究的建议。

The abundances of neutron-capture elements in metal-poor stars, tightly related to the star formation and evolution, provide important clues to the chemical evolution of the Galaxy. Therefore, the study of the nuclear astrophysics has concentrated on understanding the origin of neutron--capture elements in metal-poor stars. In this paper, the nucleosynthetic picture of heavy elements, the concepts of the r-process and the s--process and their nucleosynthetic sites, are introduced. Emphatically, the recent observed abundances of neutron-capture elements in metal-poor stars are stated. Moreover, the progresses of the abundance distributions and the chemical evolution of neutron--capture elements in metal-poor stars are reviewed. Finally, the suggestions for further study with this respect have been put forward.