测土配方施肥对花生生长和养分吸收的影响

Effect of Formula Fertilization by Soil Testing on Growth and Nutrient Absorption of Peanut

[目的]为测土配方施肥技术的推广提供科学依据。[方法]以鲁花8号为材料,设5个不同施肥处理,在固镇县进行示范试验研究。[结果]与大配方处理Ⅰ(T2)和传统施肥(T5)相比,小调整处理(T4)的荚果干重分别增加了7.51%、10.98%,总生物量干重分别增加了3.72%、8.37%;小调整处理(T4)荚果产量最大,大配方Ⅱ处理(T3)产量次之。与传统施肥(T5)相比,小调整处理(T4)和大配方处理Ⅱ(T3)的荚果产量分别增加10.98%和8.01%;小调整处理(T4)的花生荚果N、K吸收量占总养分吸收量的比例最大,分别为87.31%和45.56%。[结论]小调整施肥效果最好,而大配方Ⅱ施肥易于推广。

[Objective] The study aimed to provide a scientific basis for the promotion of formula fertilization by soil testing.[Method] With ＂Luhua 8＂ as the test variety of peanut type,five treatments of fertilization in Guzheng County were set up as demonstration test.[Result] Compared with formula Ⅰ fertilization and traditional fertilization,the pod weight and biomass of small adjustment increased by 7.51%-10.98% and 3.72%-8.37%,respectively.The pod yield of small adjustment was the largest and formula Ⅱ took the second place.The pod yield of small adjustment and formula Ⅱ increased by 10.98% and 8.01%,respectively as compared with traditional fertilization.The uptake amount of N,K of peanut＇s pod occupied largest proportion of total nutrient absorption,the ratio were 87.31% and 45.56%,respectively.[Conclusion] The fertilization effect of small adjustment is best,but formula Ⅱ is easy to be spread.