梅州山樱花与台湾樱花花部性状的比较研究

A Comparative Study of Floral Traits between Meizhou Cerasus campanulata and Taiwan Prunus cerasus

以梅州明山自然生长的山樱花和从台湾引进并种植于明山樱花园的绯寒樱、八重樱和吉野樱为试材,对其花形、花色和花粉活力等花部性状进行了观测。结果表明,梅州山樱花的花梗较短,花瓣较小;花萼长于绯寒樱和八重樱,但明显短于吉野樱;花朵短于吉野樱而长于八重樱;山樱花与其他3种樱花的花萼、花瓣、花丝和花柱颜色有不同程度的差异。野生山樱花、绯寒樱和吉野樱的花粉活力没有明显差异;八重樱的花粉活力显著低于野生樱(p<0.01)和绯寒樱(p<0.05),而与吉野樱相比则没有显著性差异。

The floral traits including floral morphology,floral color and pollen viability among the Cerasus campanulata which grow naturally in Meizhou Mingshan Mountain and Prunus cerasus including Prunus campanulata,Prunus lannesiana and C.yedoensis which were introduced from Taiwan and planting in cherry garden of Mingshan Mountain were investigated.The results showed that the Meizhou Cerasus campanulata pedicel was shorter and its petal was smaller than Taiwan Prunus cerasus.The calyx was longer than that of Prunus campanulata and Prunus lannesiana,but significantly shorter than that of C.yedoensis.However,the flowers were shorter than that of C.yedoensis but longer than that of Prunus lannesiana.The color of calyx,petal,filaments and style was diverse and varied with different degrees.There was no difference of pollen viability between Meizhou Cerasus campanulata,Prunus campanulata and C.yedoensis,while the pollen viability of Prunus lannesiana was lower markedly than that of Meizhou Cerasus campanulata（p0.01） and Prunus campanulata（p0.05）.