三维三分量地震勘探基础简介

Brief Review on The Basis of 3-dimention 3-components Seismic Exploration

三维三分量（ 3D3C）精细地震勘探技术的理论和实验基础是弹性各向异性。本文介绍了在煤田地震勘探中的一个模拟资料。模型为发育有一组平行裂缝的煤层顶底反射波，考虑了二种典型情形。结果表明利用煤层底部 P反射波和 S反射波，可以在一般爆炸震源情况下对煤系地层的小断裂进行方位角各向异性研究而得到煤层破碎带的分布和小断层位置。这一结果已在多个地区得到应用。

The theoretic and experimental basis of 3-dimention 3-components seismic exploration are the anisotropy of effective elasticity of strata.The model described in this paper is the reflection wave of coal seam bearing formation that developed a set of parallel cracks.Two typical features are discussed.The paper shows that P-wave reflection and S-wave reflection fron the bottom of coal seam bearing formation (produced by point explosive source)can be used to study the distribution of cracking coal and the position of small faults by means of the velocity azimuthal anisotropy.This result has been used in several areas.