电铸镍药型罩的微观组织及力学特性研究

Microstructures and mechanical properties of electroformed nickel liners of shaped charges

采用电铸法制备镍药型罩,利用X射线衍射仪、扫描电镜研究电铸镍药型罩的微观组织,通过拉伸试验研究电铸镍药型罩的力学特性。结果表明:在无添加剂时,随着电流密度的增大,晶粒尺寸变大;加入添加剂后,晶粒细化,可得到超细晶镍药型罩。脉冲电铸制备的药型罩表面光滑,晶粒尺寸约为500 nm。电铸镍药型罩中存在强烈的<100>丝织构,电铸参数的改变对镍药型罩织构影响较小。力学特性研究表明其屈服强度为256 MPa,伸长率可达7.4%。断口形貌观察发现电铸超细晶镍的断裂属于延性断裂。

Nickel liners of shaped charges were prepared by electroforming. The microstructures of electroformed nickel liners of shaped charges were investigated using X-ray diffraction and scanning electron microscopy. The mechanical properties were researched by tensile test. The results show that grain size increases with current density increasing when no additives exist. Additives play an important role in obtaining ultra- fine grain of electroformed nickel. The grain size is about 500 nm. Strong 〈100〉 fibre texture exists in electroformed nickel, and electrolysis factors discussed above hasve no effect on texture formed in the electroformed nickel. The yield strength of electroformed nickel liners of shaped charges is about 256 MPa, and elongation is about 7.4%. The fracture surface of electroformed nickel shows a ductile fracture.