正电子发射计算机断层显像/核磁共振:分子影像学技术新进展

Positron emission tomography computed tomography/magnetic resonance imaging: A new progress of molecular imaging technique

背景:正电子发射计算机断层显像(PET)从分子水平反映细胞代谢和功能变化,MRI有更高的软组织对比度和空间分辨率,且无电磁辐射。近年来,随着多模式成像技术飞速发展,作为刚刚应用于临床的多模式分子成像技术,PET/MRI融合显像可提供分子、形态与功能信息,有关研究已成为分子影像领域的关注焦点。目的:就目前PET/MRI研制存在的问题和进展情况做一综述,并展望其潜在的临床和科研价值。方法:由第一作者应用计算机检索CNKI数据库、Springerlink数据库、Pubmed数据库相关文献。检索时间范围:2000年1月至2012年6月。英文检索词:"PET/MRI"和"multimodality imaging or image fusion",中文检索词:"分子影像学"和"图像融合"。选择内容与PET/MRI多模式成像相关的文章,同一领域文献则选择近期发表或发表在权威杂志文章,共纳入53篇文献。结果与结论:已有的研究成果表明,PET/MRI较传统显像手段和其他成功的多模式成像技术,如PET/CT和SPECT/CT有更多、更新的应用优势,并已积累临床前和初步临床应用的经验,PET/MRI具有广阔的发展空间,有望将分子影像技术的发展带入一个新的时代,为临床诊断掀开新的篇章。

BACKGROUND： Positron emission tomography can reflect the cell metabolism and functional changes of cells at the molecular level. Magnetic resonance imaging can obtain images with higher soft-tissue contrast and better spatial resolution without ionizing radiation. With the fast development of multimodality molecular imaging techniques, positron emission tomography/magnetic resonance imaging as a multimodality molecular imaging technique can provide the molecular, morphological and functional information, so its clinical application is an anticipating focus of medical molecular imaging.OBJECTIVE： To overview the progress and problems meet in the development of positron emission tomography/magnetic resonance imaging and to get a clear prospect of its potential clinical and scientific application. METHODS： The CNKI database, SpringerLink database and PubMed database were searched by the first author for the related articles from January 2000 to June 2012. The English key words were ＂PET/MRI＂ and ＂multimodality molecular imaging or image fusion＂, and the Chinese key words were ＂molecular imaging＂ and ＂image fusion＂. The articles related to positron emission tomography/magnetic resonance imaging multimodality molecular imaging technique were selected, and for the articles in the same field, those published recently or in the authorized journals were selected. A total of 53 articles were included. RESULTS AND CONCLUSION： From the existing research results, positron emission tomography/magnetic resonance imaging have more advantages over traditional and other multimodality imaging techniques such as positron emission tomography/computed tomogrephy and single-photon emission computed tomography/ computed tomography, as demonstrated by the pre-clinical studies and preliminary clinical experiences, and have broader development space. So it has capacity to bring the development of molecular imaging technique and clinical diagnosis into a new area.