带“着”把字句与带“着”存现句的比较研究

A Comparative Study between Ba Constructions with zhe and Existential Constructions with zhe

通过比较研究谓语部分由动词带"着"构成的把字句和存现句发现,两种句式的谓词有很大一部分是重合的,其共同特征是都是带有施事、客体和处所论元的三元定位动词。该特征由这两种句式共有的事件语义,即某物处于某处这一核心状态类事件所决定。带"着"存现句的事件结构是在该核心事件基础上加入轻动词HOLD,表示某物以某种方式存在于某处。而带"着"的把字句表达完成类事件,其事件结构是在带"着"存现句的基础上通过事件模板延展加入致使性活动类事件。两种句式在事件语义和句法结构上是一种包含关系。

This paper makes a comparative study between Ba constructions and existential constructions whose predicate both consist of a verb and the aspectual marker zhe.We find that their predicate verbs,which are three-place localizers,overlap to a great extent.This property is determined by the core eventive semantics shared by these two constructions.The event structure of existential constructions with zhe is formulated by adding the light verb HOLD to that core eventive semantics,while that of Ba constructions is constructed by adding a causative subevent to the event structure of existential constructions with zhe.