乌梁素海生态健康与鸟类服务功能调查

Lake Wuliangsuhai ecological health and Habitat ecosystem services investigating

干旱半干旱区湿地生态系统服务功能对区域环境具有重要的意义。乌梁素海是世界半荒漠地区极为少见的具有很高生态效益的大型多功能湖泊,为典型的草型水体富营养化湖泊。乌梁素海因其独特的地理位置而具有水质净化、野生动物栖息地、野生动物的食物来源地等重要的生态功能,是优越的栖息繁殖和避难场所,是中亚线路的必经之地。近年来,乌梁素海连续暴发了"黄苔"事件,湖泊生态的健康出现了问题,生态的服务功能让人担忧。文章从乌梁素海的生态健康状况入手,分析了生态健康与生态服务功能的变化,特别关注湿地对鸟类营养供给水平的能力,分析了栖息地鸟类的动态演变,对湖泊生态健康变化中的鸟类生态安全问题进行了诠释。分析认为,虽然乌梁素海水质劣,渔业功能下降,但生物量总量变化小,鸟类的种群及数量均有增加。

An arid and semi - arid area of wetland ecosystem is important for the regional area. Lake Wuliangsuhai is extremely rare in semi - desert areas worldwide, and it is a large muhifunctional lake with high ecological benefits, and a typical grass - lake of severe eu- trophication. The lake is unique to the Yellow River Basin, it has typical ecological functions to water purification, to wildlife habitat and to feeding wildlife, and is an excellent habitat for breeding and shelter, and it is the eighth line for birds migrating through Eurasia. In recent years, Wuliangsuhai continuous outbreaks of ＂yellow moss ＂event, there is a problem of the lake ecosystem, the Ecological service are dete- riorating. Based on the understanding of the Ecological health status of the lake, by analyzing the changes of the ecological health and Ecological service this article give an account of changes in the lake ecosystem health, birds ecological security problems, birds nutrient supply by the wetlands , and the dynamic evolution of the habitat. The article believe that although the water quality of Lake is poor, the supply of fishing is more and more limited, but there is few cut down in biomass, and the bird habitat is stable, the Population and Quantity of birds have increased.