杉木优树生长性状和材质性状的研究

Study on growth traits and wood properties of superior tree of Cunninghamia lanceolata

采用5株优势木法进行杉木优树选择,并从生长和材质性状进行分析。97株候选优树生长和材质性状表现优良,其中94株树高、胸径和单株材积分别高于优势木5%、20%及50%以上,58株心材比大于50%,92株管胞长宽比大于50,木材基本密度变幅为0.251 1～0.393 1 g/cm3。心材比和木材基本密度均值随年龄增大而增加,而管胞长宽比均值在6个年龄间差异不明显。以优良锯材为培育目标时,有47株候选优树入选,与优势木相比,胸径生长量提高47.7%～83.9%,单株材积生长量提高144.3%～336.7%,木材基本密度较平均木提高0.91%～9.33%,心材比达到44.38%～56.65%。以优良纸浆纤维材为培育目标时,有33株候选优树入选,其木材干物质积累量为24.91~35.37g,与优树群体均值相比提高14.04%～61.97%,与平均木群体均值相比提高247.73%～393.87%。

By using the method of 5 dominant trees comparison and analyzing growth traits and wood properties of Cunninghamia lanceolata,97 candidate trees were obtained.Of them,94 trees’ height,DBH and volume increased by 5%,20% and 50% compared to the 5 dominant trees respectively,58 trees’ heartwood ratios were more than 50.0%,92 trees’ length-width ratios of tracheid were greater than 50,and wood basic density ranged from 0.2511 to 0.393 1 g/cm3.The heartwood ratio and wood basic density increased with the increasing of tree ages,but the mean values of length-width ratios among 6 tree ages had no significant differences.Of 97 candidate trees,47 plus trees were selected for superior sawn timber,which’s DBH,volume growth of single strain and wood basic density raised by 47.7%~83.9%,144.3%~336.7%,0.91% ～ 9.33% respectively,compared to the dominant trees,and 47 plus trees’ heartwood ratios reached 44.38%~56.65%.There were 33 plus trees selected for superior pulp fiber materials with wood dry-matter accumulation 24.91~35.37g,the accumulation increased by 14.04%~61.97% or 247.73% ～ 393.87% higher than the average value of dominant tree groups or average tree groups.