USGCRP碳循环研究的最新动向

THE LATEST TENDENCY ON CARBON CYCLE RESEARCH FROM USGCRP

碳循环研究是国际全球变化研究的热点之一。根据美国全球变化研究委员会提出的“美国全球变化研究计划”( USGCRP) ,详细介绍了美国碳循环研究的目标、重点研究计划和行动。US-GCRP碳循环研究的主要目标是提供碳源和碳汇的综合评价 ,其重点在于确定北美洲陆地碳汇的数量、位置和成因 ,通过设立集成观测、过程研究和建模研究的项目来减少其中的不确定性 ,并提供北美洲陆地碳汇及其变化的更精确估计。 USGCRP将从大气、海洋、陆地和人类因素方面结合适当的研究方法 ,提供多样化的碳循环时空信息 ,而且提供必要的北美洲陆地碳汇状态的详细描述。在基本反映美国碳循环研究最新趋势的同时 ,提出了中国碳循环研究应注意的方向。

According to United States Global Change Research Program prepared by the subcommittee on Global Change Research of the Committee on Environment and Natural Resources Research, this paper introduces the goal, activity and highlight of carbon cycle study of the program. The main goal of USGCRP's Carbon Cycle Science Program is to provide synthetically understand of carbon sources and sinks. The initiative focuses on determining the location, magnitude, and cause of carbon sink in North America, and how North America compares to other key regions. Because estimation of the Northern Hemisphere sink range widely, a program of USGCRP integrated observations, process research, and modeling will narrow this range and provide a more accurate estimation of the North America terrestrial sink and its variability. USGCRP's strategy will be to combine research approaches from the atmospheric, oceanic, terrestrial and human dimension aspects of the carbon cycle, provide information on various temporal and spatial scales, necessary to providing an accurate picture of the current state of the terrestrial carbon sink over North America. USGCRP will develop new technologies for measuring the atmosphere land ocean carbon system. Different satellites and sensors will be launched to provide improved global measurements of vegetation and accurate data of ocean biology. An improved, long term, integrated monitoring strategy for carbon measurements will be suggested in the atmosphere, ocean and land ecosystems. Because of US' leading position on this field, this paper implies basically the international new tendency on carbon cycle study. Meanwhile, directions on carbon cycle research in China were analyzed.