高速列车纵向对称面气动噪声计算及外形优化

Numerical prediction of aerodynamic noise radiated from longitudinal symmetric plane of high-speed train and shape optimization

将大涡模拟法与Lighthill-Curle声学比拟理论相结合,计算了高速列车纵向对称面的气动噪声,探明了纵向对称面气动噪声的频谱特性及其变化规律,得出了车辆连接处的优化外形。结果表明,低频时,气动噪声幅值较大,随着频率升高,幅值下降。当列车运行速度一定时,距离气动噪声源越远,声压的衰减幅度越少。随着列车运行速度增加,距离气动噪声源越远,声压的增幅越小。脉动压力是气动噪声的源,在车辆连接处采用平滑的Nurbs曲线过渡,以减少列车运行过程中产生的脉动压力,能有效降低气动噪声。

The aerodynamic noise spectra of longitudinal symmetric plane of high-speed train were calculated and clarified by large eddy simulation and Lighthill-Curle acoustic theory. The optimal aerodynamic shape at vehicle junctions was got. The results show that the noise level of the aerodynamic noises is reduced greatly with the increase of frequency. When the train velocity is unchanged, the farther away from the aerodynamic noise sources, the less the attenuation rate of total noise level. With increase of the train velocity, the farther away from noise sources, the less the noise level increase. The fluctuation pressure is the source of aerodynamic noise, which can be reduced by using nurbs curve at vehicle junctions.