金黄色葡萄球菌聚磷特性研究

Characteristic and performance of phosphate accumulation by Staphyloccocus aureus

在厌氧/好氧交替环境下,对一般不认为是典型聚磷菌的金黄色葡萄球菌(Staphyloccocus aureus)纯菌的释磷、聚磷行为和碳源利用情况进行了研究,并考察了其对实际生活污水中磷的去除效果.结果表明,正常好氧条件下培养的金黄色葡萄球菌,改为厌氧培养5h后就有明显的释磷行为;在紧接下来转为好氧培养时会快速吸磷,6h时的吸磷量达水中总磷的65%,菌体含磷量由之前的0.98%增加到2.30%.染色观察显示,厌氧培养后菌体内聚羟基丁酸(PHB)颗粒显著增多,转为好氧培养后胞内聚磷颗粒增多.经过厌氧/好氧交替运行4个周期后菌体的含磷量就由初期的0.8%增至4.6%,但每个环境交替周期内吸磷量并未显著增加,且在厌氧/好氧交替的第1个周期,金黄色葡萄球菌即具有明显释磷、吸磷行为.该菌在厌氧阶段可利用包括蛋白胨、葡萄糖等大分子有机物在内的多种碳源释磷;其对实际生活污水磷的去除率高达98.2%.因此,金黄色葡萄球菌具有典型的聚磷菌特征,其聚磷时可利用的碳源可以是VFAs之外的蛋白质和葡萄糖,且其聚磷能力不需要诱导,是其与生具有的本性.

Phosphate release and uptake under anaerobic and aerobic alternative condition and carbon sources utilization of cultivated strain of Staphyloccocus aureus were investigated. Phosphate removal from domestic wastewater were also investigated. Traditionally, Staphyloccocus aureus was not recognized as a typical phosphorus accumulation organism （PAOs）. The results from this study however showed that Staphyloccocus aureus cultured under normal aerobic condition exhibited noticeable phosphate release when it was shifted to anaerobic condition only for 5 hours. It would take up the phosphate quickly when transformed into the aerobic stage. The efficiency of phosphate uptake from bulk liquid was 65% of the total phosphate removal after 6 hours. As a result, the phosphate content of the strain increased from 0.98% to 2.30%. The optical photos of the strain during the culture period showed that the PHB particles content of the strain increased obviously at the anaerobic stage, while the polyphosphate particles content increased accordingly at the aerobic stage. Cultivated after 4 cycles of anaerobic and aerobic alternation, phosphate content of the strain increased from 0.8% to 4.6%, and the amount of phosphate uptake did not rise with the cultivation. Even at the first cycle, the strain displayed an outstanding ability of phosphate release and uptake. The strain could utilize various carbon sources including the macromolecule organic matters, such as glucose and peptone, for releasing phosphate at the anaerobic stage. The phosphate removal efficiency could reach 98.2% when the strain was inoculated in domestic wastewater. This demonstrates that the strain presents the typical characteristic of the PAOs, and can utilize carbon sources besides VFAs during phosphorus release. The ability of phosphate accumulation of the strain is inherent. Inducing is therefore not needed.