女性主义科学批判进路解析

Analysis of the Approaches of the Feminist Critique of Science

女性主义以"性别分析"为核心展开其科学批判与科学研究,在传统科学观、建构论与科学实践论三种视域中形成三条不同的研究进路:(1)在传统科学观视域中,女性主义主要以"概念分析"为进路,试图通过对理性、客观性等概念的男性中心主义批判,揭示科学中的性别歧视与男性气质,并以女性气质、女性主义新客观性等概念构建其理论(;2)在建构论视域中,女性主义以"理论建构"为进路,试图通过对建构表征与反身性困境的批判和反思来构建女性主义科学衍射新模式与科学主客体交互关系理论;(3)在科学实践论视域中,女性主义以"异质性因素的动态分析"为其进路,使其科学研究视域转向性别、种族、阶级等异质性因素与科学的动态作用研究,揭示性别差异的多层次性与科学文化的多样性。

The feminists conduct their critique of science and scientific research focused on gender analysis. In the following three domains, that is, in the traditional view of science, in constructivism, and in the scientific practice theory, three different approaches have formed: (1) In the perspective of the traditional view of science, the feminists mainly appeal to the approach of ìthe conceptual analysisī. It attempts to criticize such androcentric concepts as rationality and objectivity, and then reveal the gender discrimination and the masculinity in science, and construct its theory with the femininity and the new objectivity of feminist concept; (2) In t constructivism, the feminists appeal to the approaches of ìthe theoretical constructionsī, attempt to construct the new feminist mode of science diffraction and the theory of host-guest interaction of science by the critique and reflection on the dilemmas of construction representation and reflexivity. (3) In the scientific practice theory, the feminists appeal to the approaches of ìthe dynamic analysis of the heterogeneity factorī, turn to the research into such heterogeneity factors as gender, race, class, etc, and the dynamic role of science, and reveal the multi-level differences of gender and the diversity of scientific culture.