以眩晕起病的后循环梗死56例临床分析

Clinical analysis of 56 cases of posterior circulation infarction patients with the onset of vertigo

目的探讨以眩晕起病的后循环梗死患者临床特点,提高对后循环缺血的识别。方法回顾性分析56例以眩晕起病的后循环梗死患者的危险因素、临床表现、颅脑MRI表现和预后。结果本组60岁以上患者45例(80.2%),合并脑血管病常见危险因素51例(91.1%);主要体征为眼震、视力障碍、共济失调、轻偏瘫、面瘫、言语障碍及感觉障碍等;MRI示急性期病灶位于脑干和小脑;预后大多预后良好,而大面积小脑梗死病死率较高。结论对于60岁以上以眩晕为主诉患者,尤其合并脑血管病危险因素的男性患者是后循环缺血的高发人群。

Objective To study clinical characteristics of posterior circulation infarction patients who complain of vertigo and improve the identification of posterior circulation ischemia. Methods Totally 56 patients with vertigo onset of posterior circulation infarction, the risk factors, clinical manifestations, cerebral MRI performance and prognosis were analyzed retrospectively. Results The male patients were forty cases （71.4%）, 45 cases （80.2%） were over sixty years old. Important signs were nystagmus, vision problems, poor coordination, hemiparesis, facial paralysis, speech disorders and sensory disturbance, etc. Acute phase lesions in MRI were located in the brainstem and cerebellum. The prognosis of most patients was good, and the mortality of massive cerebellar infarction was higher. Conclusion Over sixty years old patients with vertigo complained, especially male patients with cerebrovascular disease risk factors is the high-risk group of posterior circulation ischemia.