DNA甲基化分析技术在动植物遗传育种中的应用

Application of DNA methylation analysis in genetics and breeding of plants and animals

DNA甲基化是真核生物表观遗传学重要的机制之一,在基因的表达调控中发挥着重要的作用。近年来,DNA甲基化分析技术在动植物遗传育种领域中的应用研究已引起人们广泛关注。现从DNA甲基化研究的重要性,DNA甲基化检测的主要方法及DNA甲基化与动植物种质资源鉴定、生长发育调控、杂种优势和胁迫的关系等方面,简要综述了国内外有关DNA甲基化技术在动植物遗传育种实践中的应用研究进展,以期为动植物育种研究提供一条新的途径与思路。

As one of the important epigenetic mechanisms in eukaryotes, DNA methylation plays a crucial role in regulation of gene expression. In recent years, more attention has been focused upon DNA methylation analysis in genetics and breeding programs of plants and animals. This paper reviewed the progress of research and applications of DNA methylation analysis in genetics and breeding of plants and animals, including the importance of DNA methylation in gene expression regulation, the detection methods of methylation, the relationship between DNA methylation and germplasm identification, regulation of growth and development, heterosis and stress, which can provide new approach and idea for plant and animal breeding.