网络社会行为的进化心理学解析

Cyber Social Behaviors from the Perspective of Evolutionary Psychology

互联网为人类社会搭建了数字化、网络化、信息化的新型平台。从进化心理学的观点看来,网络成为人们在现实生活之外建立或维持社会关系、进行情感表达的更加直接便利的新方式,是具有其相应的适应价值的。本文利用进化心理学相关理论,结合前人大量实证研究结论,对现代人的网络社会行为的特点和心理进化机制进行探讨和解释:网络社会行为源于个体与他人建立亲密感和归属感的本能需要,具有积极的进化意义,能够解决现代人生存繁衍问题。人们该如何做出行为表现的决策始终取决于环境,人们对网络行为的偏好,在网络中的虚拟自我展示、虚拟社会关系的建立,以及网络社会互动的行为动机与特征都是心理机制与环境互动的结果,并且与其在现实生活中的心理、行为相互关联并产生影响。

The internet has brought human beings a new-patterned digital, virtual and informational life platform. From an evolutionary psychological perspective, why the internet could have become the more direct and convenient way for people to set up or maintain social relationship, and to express affections is due to its corresponding adapting values. In this paper, we discussed and explained the modern cyber social behaviors on the basis of evolutionary psychological theories and a set of empirical studies. The cyber social behaviors stern from the instinctive demand for intimacy and belonging, helped us survive and multiply. What people do decide and act was always depending on the environment. All the phenomena in virtual society （including the internet-behavior preferences, the online self-presentation, the online interpersonal relationship, and the online social exchanges） were results of the interactions between psychological mechanisms and the environment, associated with those in reallife.