乡镇中小学生伤寒副伤寒健康教育效果评价

Effectiveness of health education on typhoid and paratyphoid fever among primary and junior school students in township

目的评价乡镇中小学校开展伤寒副伤寒健康教育的效果,为在农村地区开展传染病健康教育提供依据。方法采用分层随机抽样方法,抽取贵州省平坝县内伤寒副伤寒高发区3个乡镇9所学校的小学生和初中生进行健康教育,比较干预前后伤寒副伤寒知识、态度、行为改变情况。结果干预后小学生的伤寒副伤寒防治知识知晓率、态度和行为持有率分别为70.68%,87.95%,19.18%,初中生为73.62%,90.69%,21.72%,均明显高于干预前(P值均<0.05)。干预前小学生的知识知晓率和态度持有率低于初中生(P值均<0.05),干预后差异无统计学意义。结论伤寒副伤寒高发地区和危险因素集中地区中小学生的相关防治知识、态度和行为亟待改善,健康教育效果显著。

Objective To evaluate the effectiveness of typhoid and paratyphoid fever health education among rural schools and to provide basis on infectious disease health education among rural areas.Methods Students from 9 schools in 3 towns of high incidence rate of typhoid and paratyphoid fever were randomly selected,who had received typhoid and paratyphoid fever health education.Knowledge,attitude and behavior related with typhoid and paratyphoid fever were compared before and after health education.Results After intervention,the awareness rates of typhoid and paratyphoid fever knowledge,holding rates of related attitudes and behaviors among primary（70.68%,87.95%,19.18%） and junior school students（73.62%,90.69%,21.72%） were obviously higher than the baseline investigation（P＆lt;0.05）.Before intervention,the awareness rates of typhoid and paratyphoid fever knowledge and holding rates of related attitudes among primary school students were obviously lower than those of junior school students（P＆lt;0.05）,however,the difference between the two groups were not significant after the intervention.Conclusion The knowledge,attitude and behavior related with typhoid and paratyphoid fever in primary and junior school students need to be improved,especially in areas with high incidence.Health education on typhoid and paratyphoid fever has quite substantial effects.