中国特色现代农业发展中的农村双层经营体制创新

The Innovation of Rural Dual-Level Operating System in the Development of Modern Agriculture with Chinese Characteristics

加快现代农业发展的步伐需要相应的制度支持。改革开放以来,我国农村确立了在集体所有制条件下的以家庭承包经营为主,统分结合的双层经营体制,极大地激发了农民的生产积极性。然而,随着现代农业的推进,现有的体制约束日益显现,主要是集体经济组织统一经营的功能日渐萎缩,从而削弱了其在建设现代农业中的统领作用。要发挥农村集体经济的作用,重要的是要厘清在发展农村集体经济问题上的一些认识误区,在区分统一经营中农民专业合作社与农村集体经济组织的两个层面的基础上,创新农村双层经营体制的运行模式。

Speeding up the modern agricultural development requires the support of a corresponding system. Since the reform and opening to the outside world, Chinese rural area has established a dual-level operating system. With family being the main operating unit under the condition of collective ownership, and with both integration and decentralization, such system greatly raised enthusiasm for production. However, with the advance of modern agriculture, the restriction of the system is becoming obvious. The function of unified operation of collective economy has been reduced, which weakened its leading role in building modern agriculture. To realize the function of rural collective economy, the most important aspect is to clarify on the misunderstandings concerning the development of rural collective economy, and innovate the running model of rural dual-level operating system on the basis of distinguishing the Professional Cooperatives from Organizations of Rural Collective Economy in unified operation.