大豆种质资源抗大豆花叶病毒的鉴定

Identification of Soybean Germplasm Resources Resistance to Soybean Mosaic Virus

在温/网室人工接种高病害压的条件下,对筛选的300份综合农艺性状优良的大豆种质资源进行抗大豆花叶病毒(Soybean mosaic virus,SMV)流行株系SC3和SC7的鉴定。结果表明,对SMV流行株系SC3表现抗病(高抗和抗病)的品种有84份,占鉴定品种的28.0%,对SC7表现抗病的有105份,占35.0%;兼抗SC3和SC7的有60份,占鉴定的20.0%;其中对SC3和SC7均表现高抗的品种如皖豆16、晋遗21、M0633和P9594等抗病资源用于大田生产将对SMV的流行起到控制作用。研究还发现,地方品种对强毒株系SC7有着较多的抗性资源,来自山西的4份种质资源对SC3和SC7的抗性均在中抗以上,可作为抗源用于抗病品种选育和与抗性相关的研究。对300份大豆种质资源的小区平均产量分析发现,高抗SMV品种的小区平均产量(514.39g)与高感品种的小区平均产量(517.34g)没有显著差异,由此可初步推测育成抗SMV且高产的品种是可能的。

Resistance of fine comprehensive agronomic characters of 300 soybean germplasms to soybean mosaic vi- rus （SMV） prevalent strains SC3 and SC7 were evaluated by artificial inoculation in greenhouse/net-house. The re- suits indicated that 84 soybean cultivars inoculated with SC3 were resistant （ high resistance and resistance） account for 28.0% ;105 cuhivars inoculated with SC7 were resistant account for 35.0% ;60 cuhivars inoculated with SC3 and SC7 at the same time were resistant account for 20.0% ,4 cuhivars such as Wandou 16 ,Jinyi 21, M0633 and P9594 were of high resistance and should be utilized as resistance resources in breeding programs. The study also showed that the landraces were more resistant to SMV high virulence strain SC7 than those from the other regions. Four soybean germplasms from Shanxi were of more than middle resistance to both SMV strains SC3 and SC7 which could ＂be used directly in soybean production. It was found that there was almost no difference between the plot aver- age yields of the high resistant varieties （514.39g） and the high susceptible varieties （517.34g） to SMV by yield analysis. All these results indicated the possibilities to breed high resistance to SMV and high-yield varieties.