特早熟优质甘蓝型杂交油菜制种关键技术研究

Study on the Key Techniques of Seed Production of B. napus Hybrid with Very Early-Maturing and Canola Quality

为了提高已通过国家审定的特早熟甘蓝型杂交油菜青杂7号的制种产量,首先对不育系进行了遗传改良,而后利用改良的不育系进行不同生态区、亲本比例、密度及施肥量试验。结果表明,特早熟甘蓝型杂交油菜适宜在2 500m左右的区域制种,适宜的亲本比例为2∶6,不育系合理密度为450 000株/hm2,恢复系合理密度为420 000株/hm2,化肥施用量尿素120.0～150.0kg/hm2、磷酸二铵270.0～300.0kg/hm2,利用这些技术制种产量可以提高30%以上,达到1 800kg/hm2。

In order to improve the seed yield of Qingza7, early mature oilseed rape variety examined by National Committee of Crop Variety Examination, genetic improvement for cytoplasmic sterile lines had been made before. Changes of seed productions under different altitude,parental proportion, cultivation density and N, P fertilizer appli- cation rate were studied. The results showed that regions at the altitude of 2500m were appropriate for early mature rapeseed variety Qingza 7 hybrid seed production. The best parental proportion was 2：6 ,the suitable cultivation densi- ty should be 4.5 x 10Splants/hm2 ,the best fertilizer formula was urea 120 -150kg/hm2 and diammonium phosphate 270-300kg/hm2. With the application of these breeding conditions,hybrid seed yield can reach 1800kg/hm2.