宝鸡市吸烟及大气污染状况研究

The status of smoking and air pollution in Baoji, China

目的 了解我国肺癌高发区之一的陕西省宝鸡市目前吸烟及环境大气污染治理状况。方法 按整群随机抽样原则从宝鸡市不同职业人群中共抽取 96 9人 ,按统一问卷调查吸烟状况回收合格调查表 96 4份。大气监测资料来自宝鸡市环境监测站。主要项目为氮氧化物 (NOx)、二氧化硫(SO2 )、总悬浮颗粒 (total suspended particles,TSP)、苯并 (a)芘 [B(a) P]。结果 抽样人群总吸烟率为 42 .1% ,男性 6 0 .2 %、女性 6 .3% ,总吸烟率及女性吸烟率均高于全国平均水平。大气污染的主要指标逐步下降 ,目前除 TSP仍轻度超标外 ,SO2 、NOx已达国家二级标准。结论 自 80年代以来宝鸡市区大气污染治理取得了较为显著的效果 ,但吸烟状况仍有待改善。

Objective To study the status of smoking and air pollution in Baoji, one of the cities with high lung cancer mortality in China. Methods 964 individuals were drawn from various occupational sectors on the principle of cluster random sampling and investigated about the status of smoking. Data of air pollution was obtained from the Baoji Environmental Monitoring Station. Main indexes of air pollution were Benzo(a) pyrene [B(a)P], NOx, SO 2 and total suspended particles(TSP). Results Smoking rates were 42.1% in sample population, 60.3% in males and 6.3% in females respectively. Smoking rates in the total sample population and in females in Baoji were higher than the average level of China. The main indices of air pollution decreased dramatically since the 1980s. Now TSP level is higher than the Ambient Air Quality Standard of China slightly but SO 2 and NOx have been up to the 2nd class standard. Conclusions Air pollution of urban Baoji has been improved since 1980s, but smoking rate is still high.