灌溉施肥技术对温室辣椒生长、产量和品质的影响

Effect of Integrative Water and Fertilizer Planting Technology on Growth,Yield and Fruit Quality of Pepper in Greenhouse

为了比较研究沟灌冲施肥(CK)、滴灌+滴施冲施肥(处理Ⅱ)和滴灌+滴施专用滴灌肥(处理Ⅲ)3种灌溉施肥技术对温室辣椒生产、产量及品质影响的差异。通过测定3种灌溉施肥技术下温室辣椒生长性状、产量水平、果实品质及几项生理指标,探讨不同灌溉施肥技术对温室辣椒的影响。处理Ⅲ辣椒植株的株高、茎粗、分枝高度、比叶面积、叶片可溶性糖含量、根系活力均显著高于处理I,产量较处理I增产40.1%,在果实品质方面明显提高了果实中Vc、可溶性蛋白和干物质含量;处理Ⅱ辣椒植株的分枝高度、比叶面积、可溶性糖含量、根系活力、Vc、可溶性蛋白和干物质含量亦显著高于处理I,产量较处理I增产28.64%。但2种滴灌施肥技术相比,以处理Ⅲ的株高、茎粗、根系活力、产量和果实可溶性蛋白含量显著高于处理Ⅱ。2种滴灌施肥均较沟灌施肥可有效促进辣椒生长、提高辣椒产量及果实品质;施用辣椒滴灌专用肥的辣椒生长性状、产量及果实品质优于施用冲施肥。

In this article,the aim was to compare and clarify the effect difference of three kinds of integrative water and fertilizer planting technology including furrow irrigation and water flush fertilizer（treatment I,CK）,drip irrigation＋ drip water flush fertilizer（treatment Ⅱ）and drip irrigation＋ drip-irrigation specific fertilizer（treatment Ⅲ）on growth,yield and fruit quality of pepper in greenhouse were studied.By analyzing plant growth indexes,yield level,fruit quality and physiological indexes of pepper,the effects of three kinds of integrative water and fertilizer planting technology on the growth,yield and fruit quality of pepper in greenhouse were studied.The result showed that the plant height,stem diameter,bifurcation height,specific leaf area（SLA）,leaf area ratio and leaf soluble sugar content and root activity of pepper under treatment Ⅲ were significantly higher than those of treatment I（CK）.Compare with CK,treatment Ⅲ increased the yield by 40.1% and significantly improved the Vc,soluble protein content and dry matter content of fruit.The bifurcation height,SLA,leaf soluble sugar content,root activity and Vc,soluble protein and dry matter content of fruit in pepper under treatmentⅡ also were significantly higher than that of CK and yield increased by 28.64%.Among of treatmentⅡ and treatment Ⅲ,the plant height,stem diameter,root activity,yield and soluble protein content of fruit under treatment Ⅲ were significantly higher those of treatmentⅡ.These results indicated that two integrative drip irrigation and fertilizer planting technology（treatmentⅡ and treatment Ⅲ）could promote plant growth,increase yield and fruit quality of pepper and the effects of drip-irrigation specific fertilizer on growth,yield and fruit quality of pepper in greenhouse were better than that of drip water flush fertilizer.