重庆市巫山县烟草施肥现状调查分析

Investigation and Analysis of Fertilizer Application on Tobacco in Wushan County of Chongqing

了解烟草生产中肥料施用状况,对发现烟草施肥存在的不合理等问题,进而指导农户科学施肥具有重要意义。于2009年对重庆市巫山县典型植烟区124个农户进行问卷调查,分析其烟草施肥状况。结果表明:调查样本中烟草生产总养分施用量为592.3kg/hm2,其中有机肥占21.9%;氮(N)、磷(P2O5)、钾(K2O)肥平均施用量分别为132.6、130.9和328.8kg/hm2,其中基肥分别占65.4%、80.9%和59.5%;氮磷钾施用比例为1:0.99:2.48;肥料偏生产力为3.7kg/kg,其中氮、磷、钾肥偏生产力分别为16.4、16.6和6.6kg/kg。综上所述,巫山县烟草生产中氮磷钾肥施用比例相对合理,但肥料用量偏高,氮肥用量可降低15%左右。

Understanding the status of fertilizer in tobacco production and finding out the unreasonable fertilization have great significance to improve the fertilization of tobacco.This paper analyzed the status of fertilizer application on tobacco in typical tobacco growing area of Wushan County in Chongqing,based on the data from 124 farmer ＇ s investigation in 2009.The results showed that the total amount of fertilizer was 592.3 kg/hm^2,among which the organic fertilizer contribute to 21.9%.The average application rate of N,P2O5 and K2O was 132.6,130.9 and 328.8 kg/hm^2 respectively,base fertilizer proportion 65.4%,80.9% and 59.5% respectively.The ratio of fertilizer（N：P2O5：K2O）was 1：0.99：2.48.The total fertilizer PFP（partial factor productivity）was 3.7 kg/kg,and PFP on nitrogen,phosphorus and potassium fertilizers were 16.4,16.6 and 6.6 kg/kg,respectively.Altogether,in tobacco production of Wushan County,the ratio of fertilizers was reasonable,while total application amount of fertilizers was superfluous.Thus,total amount of nitrogen can be reduced by 15%.