滇中地区饲用高粱主要农艺性状和品质性状分析

Analysis of Agronomic Traits and Nutrition Quality Parameters of Forage Sorghum in Dianzhong Region

选用不同饲用高粱品种进行引种试验,以筛选出适合滇中地区种植的、具有较高产量和较好品质的饲用高粱。通过对7个供试饲用高粱品种生育期、株高、茎秆粗、节数、干草产量、鲜草产量等农艺性状、品质性状及抗倒伏性等进行综合评价,得出品种Big Kahuma和大力士不能正常开花结实,其余品种均能完成整个生育期;品种26837的穗长、茎秆粗、穗干重、茎叶比、粗蛋白质含量及抗倒伏性均优于其他品种,且其酸性洗涤纤维(ADF)和中性洗涤纤维(NDF)含量均较其他品种低,表明其在滇中地区进行饲草生产具有很好的适应性和较高的品质;虽然品种26837的干草产量和鲜草产量不及品种23419高,但品种23419的干草产量、鲜草产量、籽粒产量和糖锤度均比较高。综合考虑饲草生产和籽实生产,品种23419可作为滇中地区进行干草生产、饲草青贮和籽实生产的首选品种;而品种26837更适合进行高蛋白、低纤维的优质饲草生产。

A field experiment was conducted to select the suitable varieties with higher yield and good quality from introduced seven varieties of forage sorghum by comparing the growth period, agronomic characters including plant height, stem diameter, stem nodes, dry yield and fresh yield, nutrition quality and lodging-resistance. The results indicated that Big Kahuma and Hunnigreen can not blossom and fructify abnormally and other varieties can finish the whole growth period. The spike length, stem diameter, spike dry weight, stem-leaf ratio, CP and lodging-resistance of 26837 were higher than other varieties. And its ADF and NDF content were lower than other varieties, which suggested that 26837 had good performance in environment adaptability and nutrition quality in Dianzhong region. However, the dry yield and fresh yield of 26837 were lower than 23419 which had higher brix, dry yield, fresh yield and grain yield. In comprehensive consideration of the forage production and grain production, 23419 was the optimal variety for hay production, forage silage and grain production in Dianzhong region. And 26837 was suitable for high quality forage production with higher crude protein and lower fiber in Dianzhong region.