60例冠心病患者医院感染的相关因素分析

Risk factors of nosocomial infections in 60 patients with coronary heart disease

目的探讨和分析冠心病患者医院感染的相关因素,为防治冠心病医院感染提供依据。方法对60例冠心病患者的年龄、性别、住院天数、侵入性操作、合并心衰及糖尿病、使用抗菌药物等相关因素与医院感染的关系进行比较,并分析感染部位及病原菌类型。结果性别与医院感染无直接关系,而>60岁、住院天数>30d、合并心衰与糖尿病、有侵入性操作、使用抗菌药物发生医院感染率分别为29.4%、50.0%、37.5%与50.0%、40.0%、45.5%,冠心病患者更容易发生医院感染,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05);感染部位中以呼吸道和泌尿系统感染为主,病原菌主要为革兰阴性菌。结论冠心病患者发生医院感染与年龄、住院天数、侵入性操作、合并心力衰竭与糖尿病、使用抗菌药物等因素有关,采取相应的干预措施可降低医院感染率。

OBJECTIVE To explore and analyze risk factors of the nosocomial infections in the patients coronary heart disease so as to provide basis for the prevention and treatment of the nosocomial infections in the coronary heart disease patients. METHODS Totally 60 cases of coronary heart disease patients were enrolled in the study, the related factors included the age, gender, lengthen of hospital stay, invasive operation, complication of heart failure and diabetes, and use of antibiotics, and the correlation between the related factors and the nosocomial infections was observed, the infection sites and the distribution of pathogens were analyzed. RESULTS The gender was not directly related to the nosocomial infections, the infection rate of the patients aged more than 60 years old was 29.4%, the patients with the hospitalization duration more than 30 days 50.0%, the patients complicated with heart failure 37. 5% , the patients with complicated with 50. 0%, the patients who underwent invasive operation 40.0% , and the patients who used antibiotics 45.5%, the difference was statistically significant （P〈 0.05）. The respiratory tract and the urinary tract were the predominant infection sites, and the gram-negative bacteria dominated among the pathogens. CONCLUSION The incidence of the nosocomial infections in the coronary heart disease patients is correlated with the age, length of hospital stay, complication of heart failure or diabetes, or use of antibiotics. The corresponding interventions may contribute to the reduction of incidence of the nosocomi- al infections.