糖尿病患者医院感染的相关因素分析与对策

Related factors of nosocomial infections in diabetes patients and preventive countermeasures

目的探讨糖尿病患者医院感染的临床特点和相关因素,为更有效地预防与控制糖尿病感染提供医学依据。方法对2010年7月-2012年1月216例糖尿病住院患者进行回顾性分析,分析医院感染发病率与性别、年龄、住院天数、空腹血糖值、使用的抗菌药物、糖尿病病程、糖化血红蛋白、急慢性并发症与糖尿病患者的关系。结果 216例糖尿病患者发生医院感染33例,医院感染率为15.3%,其中呼吸道感染16例,占48.8%;糖尿病患者医院感染与患者的性别和年龄无相关性,而与患者的住院天数、空腹血糖值、使用抗菌药物、糖尿病病程、糖化血红蛋白以及急慢性并发症相关,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。结论糖尿病患者医院感染的相关因素众多,应在治疗和护理的过程中予以重视,并采取相应的对策减少医院感染。

OBJECTIVE To explore the clinical features and related factors of the nosocomial infections in the diabetes patients so as to provide medical basis for more effective prevention and control of the infections in the diabetes patients. METHODS A total of 216 diabetic patients who were treated in the department of endocrinology of the hospital from Jul 2010 to Jan 2012, were retrospectively analyzed, and the correlation between the incidence of nosocomial infections and the related factors including the gender, age, hospitalization duration, fasting blood glucose values, the use of antimicrobial drugs, duration of diabetes, glycosylated blood glucose protein （HbAlc）, and the acute or chronic complications , was statistically analyzed. RESULTS Of totally 216 cases of diabetes patients, the nosocomial infections occurred in 33 cases with the incidence rate of 15.3%, among which there were 16 （48.8%） cases of patients with respiratory tract infections; the incidence of the nosocomlal infections was not correlated with the gender or age but was related to the hospitalization duration, fasting blood glucose value, the use of antimicrobial drugs, duration of diabetes, HbAlc, and acute and chronic complications , the difference was statistically significant （P 〈 0. 05）. CONCLUSION There are many factors associated with the nosocomial infections in the diabetes patients, which should be paid attention to during the treatment and nursing, and it is necessary to take corresponding countermeasures to reduce the incidence of nosocomial infections.