美国医院感染管理运行机制及启示

Inspiration from practice of hospital infection control in America

目的了解美国医院感染管理运行机制,为有效提升我国医院感染管理水平提供学习与借鉴依据。方法通过2012年3月17日-5月21日赴美国伊利诺伊州大学附属库克郡医院考察,对美国医院感染管理运行机制进行分析,并结合我国实际提出改进方法。结果美国医院感染管理的运行机制,包括健全的医院感染管理组织体系、优化的人员配备、清晰的岗位职责、科学的医院感染制度、高效的医院感染管理委员会、完善的医院感染监测网络,针对性的人员培训等。结论我国应借鉴美国的感染控制方面的先进理念和方法,特别是优化医院感染人才队伍结构,提高医院感染护士的入职门槛;进一步加强医院感染信息化管理;完善医院感染监测体系及方法;开展形式多样化的培训等,以迅速有效提升我国医院感染管理水平。

OBJECTIVE To study the special feature of the practice of hospital infection control in America so as to effectively push forward the nosocomial infections control in China. METHODS An observation program was undertaken in Cook county hospital affiliated to University of Illinois of America from Mar to May, 2013, and the practice of hospital infection control was analyzed, then the improvement measures were put forward in line with the reality of out country. RESULTS The special feature included the sound infection control organization, special- ized infection control professionals, definite post responsibility, scientific infection control program, efficient infec- tion control committee, consummate surveillance network, and individualized training. CONCLUSION The Chinese infection control professionals should take the American advanced management experience and ideas for hospital infection control as a reference to improve the level of hospital infection control in our country, especially optimi zing the structure of hospital infection control talents team, raising the enrollment threshold of nurse, further strengthening the information management, making the monitoring system of hospital infection sound, and con- ducting diversified trainings.