调整与通达:锚定效应心理机制的研究进展

Adjustment and Accessibility:A Review of the Research on Psychological Mechanism Accounting for Anchoring Effect

调整和通达是锚定效应心理机制的两种代表性观点,近年来,关于这两种机制的研究不断推进,产生了有限理性观、社会认知理论、双加工理论、态度改变理论等研究视角。从调整或通达单一解释模型发展到对复合机制的检验;从单锚效应机制的阐释发展到对双锚效应心理过程的探讨。未来研究应在选择通达加工过程的思维层面和内涵、不同性质问题下锚定效应机制的差异性、锚定效应内外部影响因素及神经心理机制研究等方面进一步深化。

The research on the psychological processes that contribute to anchoring effect was mainly concentrated on two main models, the anchoring and adjustment heuristic and selective accessibility model. There were some theoretical perspectives about the models, such as bounded rational theory, social cognitive theory, dual-process theory and theories of attitude change. The research on explaining the anchoring effects was from the single model to the complex models, from exploring the single anchor value questions to the duel anchor values questions and the integration of adjustment model and accessibility the thinking level and connotation of the machining cess in the anchor questions of the different effects, and the neuropsychological mechanism model. The further studies should focus on these aspects： process about accessibility model, the different mental pro- materials, the internal and external influence factors on anchoring accounting for anchoring effects.