促血小板生成剂的研究进展

Progress in research of thrombopoietic growth agents

免疫性血小板减少性紫癜由于自身免疫性疾病。治疗一般是通过使用糖皮质激素、免疫球蛋白、环孢素、环磷酰胺、利妥昔单抗等药物或脾切除手术,减少血小板破坏。然而,最新的研究显示:血小板产生减少可能是ITP起病的另一个原因。新研发的第二代促血小板生成剂,包括血小板生成素(TPO)模拟肽、非肽类模拟物和小分子抗体,这些药物能与巨核细胞上的TPO受体(c-Mpl)结合,从而刺激巨核细胞的增殖、分化和血小板的生成。这些药物是治疗血小板减少症的新选择。

Chronic immune thrombocytopenic purpura （ITP） is an autoimmune disorder. Available thera- pies, such as corticosteroids, intravenous immunoglobulins, ciclosporin, cyclophosphamide, rituximab or splenec- tomy, primarily focus on reduction of platelet destruction. However, recent research suggests that decreased platelet production might also play a role in ITP. The novel second-generation thrombopoietin agonists include TPO pep- tide, nonpeptide mimetics and agonist antibodies. These agents are designed to bind to the TPO receptor （c-Mpl） on the megakaryocyte membrane, so that stimulate megakaryocyte proliferation, differentiation and platelet produc- tion. These agents represent a new therapeutic option for thrombocytopenia.