自闭症儿童听觉统合治疗干预效果评价

Effects of auditory integrative training on autistic children

目的探讨听觉统合治疗(AIT)对自闭症儿童的干预疗效,为自闭症儿童的有效治疗途径提供临床依据。方法 30例2～5岁自闭症患儿随机分为干预组和对照组,2组均进行感觉统合治疗,干预组在其基础上进一步进行AIT治疗1个疗程,疗效评估主要采用Gesell发育量表、韦氏幼儿智力测验(WPPSI)、自闭症行为量表(ABC)、AIT治疗观察记录表和AIT疗效调查表等方法,对患儿进行治疗前后临床症状、ABC分值比较。结果干预组ABC分值[(71.67±15.04)分]低于对照组[(84.47±12.79)分](Z=2.181,P=0.029);干预组比对照组患儿在主动语言数量、语言长度、语言理解能力方面明显改善(P<0.05);在主动交流、合作行为、听觉敏感、听话行为方面干预组比对照组患儿明显改善(P<0.01);在情绪障碍、睡眠、注意力、运动技能方面干预组比对照组患儿明显改善(P<0.05);但2组在目光对视、刻板重复、自言自语等异常行为方面差异均无统计学意义。结论 AIT治疗不同程度地改善2～5岁自闭症患儿的临床行为,在语言、社交、情绪、睡眠、注意力、运动技能上临床症状的近期治疗效果是肯定的。

Objective To explore the effects of auditory integrative training （AIT） on autistic children and to pro- vide basis for clinical rehabilitation of autistic children. Methods Thirty autistic children of 2 - 5 years old were selected and divided randomly into experimental group and control group. The experimental group was treated with AIT while the control group did not receive it. Both groups were treated with sensory integration trainings from the beginning to the end of the experiment. The children were investigated with Autism Behavior Checklist （ABC）, Wechsler Preschool and Primary Scale of Intelligence （WPPSI）, and Gesell Development Scale at the beginning and the end of tkIT which lasted for six months. The effect was evaluated through the changes of clinical manifestations and the scores of ABC. Results Compared to the control group, the scores of ABC in experimental group dropped significantly（P 〈0.05）. The experimental group was improved significantly in the aspects of language disorder, social interaction, emotion disorder, sleeping, attention, and sport skill（P〈0.05 ）. On the contrary, the experimental group had no change in their abnormal behaviors such as eye contact and stereotyped behavior. Conclusion Auditory integrative training could significantly improve language disorder, social interaction, emotion disorder, sleeping, attention, and sport skill of the autistic children aged 2 - 5 years.