儿童青少年饮料摄入对体质指数影响

Effect of beverage intake on body mass index (BMI) in children and adolescents

目的了解山东省儿童青少年饮料摄入情况,探讨饮料摄入对儿童青少年体质指数影响,为制定有效干预措施提供科学依据。方法采用分层随机整群抽样方法,对山东省5个城市15所学校的2 400名儿童青少年进行问卷调查。结果正常组有38.5%、超重组有35.7%每周饮料的支出额主要集中在5～15元,肥胖组有36.7%支出额为1～4元,3组差异有统计学意义(χ2=19.737,P<0.05);正常组、超重组、肥胖组选择饮料规格比例最高的为塑料瓶(450～600 mL),分别占57.4%、59.5%、60.1%,正常组、超重组、肥胖组经常饮用植物蛋白饮料比例分别占6.8%、3.5%、4.9%,经常饮用咖啡饮料比例分别占9.2%、11.6%、9.4%,3组间差异均有统计学意义(均P<0.05);肥胖组每日茶饮料的饮用量为(122.6±76.8)mL,超重组为(110.4±64.9)mL,正常组为(104.8±61.8)mL,3组间差异有统计学意义(F=4.752,P=0.009)。结论儿童青少年饮用饮料具有普遍性,降低其饮料饮用频率和饮用量对其健康有重要意义。

Objective To study the situation of beverage intake in children and adolescents in Shandong province and to explore the impact of beverage intake on body weight among the children and adolescents for effective interventions. Methods A total of 2 400 children and adolescents were selected from 15 schools in 5 cities in Shandong province with stratified cluster random sampling and surveyed with a questionnaire. Results There were 38.5% of the subjects with normal weight and 35.7% with overweight spending 5 - 15 yuan RMB per week on beverage and 36. 7% of the obesity subjects spending 1-4 yuan per week, with significant differences among the three groups （P〈0.05）. The percentage of the subjects mainly selecting plastic bottle beverage was 57.4% , 59.5%, and 60.1% for normal, over- weight, and obesity group;the percentage of the subjects drinking plant-protein beverage frequently was 6.8%, 3.5%, and 4.9% for normal, overweight, and obesity groups; and that of drinking coffee beverage frequently was 9.2%, 11.6% ,and 9.4% for the three groups, respectively. There were significant differences in the percentages among the three groups（P〈0.05）. The consumption of tea beverage in obesity group（ 122.6±76.8 mL） was higher than that of normal group（ 104.8±61.8mL）, with a significant difference（P〈0.01）. Conclusion Drinking baverage is prevalent among children and adolescents and decreasing the consumption of beverages among the children and adolescents is important for their health.