石油焦制备活性炭工艺条件的优化及其孔结构表征

OPTIMIZING PROCESS FOR PREPARATION OF ACTIVATED CARBON FROM PETROLEUM COKE AND CHARACTERIZATION OF ITS POROSITY

以独山子石油焦为原料，以氯化锌为活化剂，采用微波加热方式制备活性炭，通过碘吸附、苯吸附等考察所制活性炭的吸附性能，并对活性炭的制备工艺条件进行筛选和优化。结果表明：微波加热法制备活性炭时，最佳工艺条件是：氯化锌、石油焦、煤沥青的质量比为1．5：7．5：1，微波功率1300W，辐照时间6min。所得样品比表面积1095．7m^2／g，碘吸附值673．7mg／g，苯吸附值781．1mg／g，强度20．3N。通过与电炉法对比发现，微波加热和电加热制备的活性炭孔结构不同，微波法制备的活性炭在比表面积、孔径分布等方面优于电炉法制备的活性炭。

In this paper, DuShanzi petroleum coke was used as a raw material and ZnCI2 as an active agent to prepare activated carbon by microwave heating. The adsorption ability of prepared activated carbon was characterized by adsorptions of iodine and benzene. The results show that the optimum conditions are as follows： weight ratios of ZnCI2, petroleum coke and coal tar pith are 1.5, 7.5 and 1, respectively. The power of microwave is 1 300W and the irradiation time is 6 minutes. The specific surface area of prepared activated carbon is 1 095.7m2/g, the iodine capacity is 673.7mg/ g, the benzene capacity is 781.1mg/g and the strength of prepared activated carbon is 20.3N. Micropore size of activated carbon was characterized, as well as mesopore pore＇ s shape and surface＇ s property, showing that the activated carbon＇ s porosity made by microwave heating is different from that of activated carbon prepared by electricity heating. The specific surface area and adsorption ability of activated carbon made by microwave heating are higher those of activated carbon prepared by electricity.