塔河油田碳酸盐岩缝洞型油藏多井缝洞单元注水开发模式

Discussion about pattern of water flooding development in multi-well fracture-cavity units of carbonate fracture-cavity reservoir in Tahe oilfield

针对塔河油田碳酸盐岩缝洞型油藏试注阶段出现见效井组少、有效期短和含水率上升快等问题,在系统分析前期现场注水试验并结合室内研究成果的基础上,提出了碳酸盐岩缝洞型油藏多井缝洞单元注水开发模式,即保压、多阶段、立体注水开发。保压开发是指保持地层压力开发,减缓由于能量衰减而造成的递减或抑制底水锥进;多阶段开发是指在不同注水开发阶段,采用不同的注水方式、注采参数及配套技术进行开发,注水受效前适当大排量试注验证连通性并建立注采关系,受效后至效果变差前期采用温和注水,后期则适当提高排量周期注水,并考虑换向注水及注水调剖;立体注水开发是指根据缝洞发育规律、剩余油分布以及连通状况,建立立体开发的注采井网,实行双向或多向注水、分段注水、低注高采、缝注洞采等注水开发方式及配套技术进行开发。

During the early stage of the test of water flooding development of multi-well fracture-cavity units in carbonate fracture-cavity reservoir in Tahe oilfield, it emerged some problems such as few efficient well groups, short efficient period and very fast water cut.In accordance with these problems, based on the systematic analysis of the water flooding test early stage and laboratory research, this paper puts forward the pattern of water flooding development of multi-well fracture-cavity units of carbonate fracture-cavity reservoir,which is intended to keep pressure, multi-stage and stereoscopic water flooding. The development of keeping pressure refers to keep the pressure of reservoir to slow down the decline rate caused by the energy decline and to restrain the bottom water coning. The multi-stage development refers to adopt different waterflood pattern, injection-production parameter and matching technology at different stage of water flooding development, it should increase the water injection rate to test the connectivity and construct the injection-production relation before water flooding effect appears, and it should adopt moderate waterflood until the water flood effect become serious, and increase water injection rate for cyclic water flooding and adopt reversing the direction of water injection well and profile control at the later stage. The development of stereoscopic water flooding refers to set up stereoscopic injection-production pattern according to development rule of fracture and cavity, the condition of distribution of residual oil and connectivity, it should adopt the water flooding ways and matching technologies of bidirectional or more directional injection, separated layer water injection, low injection and high production and fracture injecting and cavity production.