南美白对虾养殖底泥细菌多样性研究

Diversity of bacteria on sediments of Penaeus vannamei aquaculture

【目的】研究南美白对虾养殖池一个养殖周期的底泥细菌多样性,为指导水产养殖提供参考。【方法】于2011年7-9月,采集上海市金山区水产养殖基地南美白对虾养殖池塘的底泥,提取底泥中细菌的总DNA,扩增细菌16SrDNA的V3可变区,采用DGGE指纹图谱技术以及基因测序技术,对该养殖周期的底泥细菌多样性进行研究。【结果】不同月份虾池底泥中存在一定数量的共有优势菌群,7月和8月的共有优势菌群分别为黄杆菌属和绿弯菌门细菌,8月和9月共有优势菌群为梭菌属细菌,7月份和9月份共有优势菌群为拟杆菌门细菌和硫酸盐还原菌;同时,7-9月底泥中还各自分布有除硫单胞菌属、蛭弧菌属、δ-变形菌门、酸杆菌门、厚壁菌门、聚球藻属等细菌。【结论】南美白对虾养殖底泥中细菌多样性丰富。

【Objective】 The diversity of bacteria on sediments of Penaeus vannamei cultured ponds in the culture-cycle was investigated.【Method】 Sediments were collected during different periods of the culture-cycle of P.vannamei from July to September 2011 in Jinshan aquaculture base,Shanghai.The total DNA of bacteria was extracted and the 16S rDNA V3 region was augmented using PCR.Then the diversity was analyzed by DGGE fingerprint and DNA sequencing technology.【Result】 The results of the fingerprint showed that there were a certain number of common dominant bacterial communities in different months,Flavobacterium and Chloroflexi bacterium dominated in July and August,Clostridiaceae bacterium dominated in August and September,and Bacteroidetes bacterium and sulfate-reducing bacterium dominated in July and Sepember.Meanwhile Desulfuromonas alkaliphilus,Bdellovibrio bacteriovorus,delta-proteobacterial,Acidobacteria,Firmicutes bacterium,and Synechococcus existed in the three months as well.【Conclusion】 The bacteria diversity of the sediments was rich in P.vannamei cultured pond.