助剂对可生物降解聚碳酸亚丙酯/聚丙烯非织造布切片性能的影响

EFFECT OF SOME ADDITIVES ON THE PERFORMANCE OF BIODEGRADABLE NON-WOVEN FABRIC SLICES OF POLY(PROPYLENE CARBONATE)/POLYPROPYLENE BLENDS

采用熔融共混法研究助剂马来酸酐(MAH)、马来酸酐接枝聚丙烯(PP-2)对可生物降解聚碳酸亚丙酯(PPC)/聚丙烯(PP)非织造布切片结构与性能的影响.红外谱图表明MAH和PP-2的酸酐官能团与PPC发生了开环反应.MAH、PP-2可显著提高切片的拉伸强度,当MAH,PP-2用量为1%和2%时,切片拉伸强度较不添加助剂时分别提高了116%和101%.MAH,PP-2的加入降低了切片的熔体流动速率,提高了特性黏数,同时提高了切片的玻璃化转变温度(Tg)和热分解温度,扩大了切片的使用和加工温度范围.当MAH用量为1%时,切片Tg提高了4℃.当MAH,PP-2用量为1%和2%时,切片5%热分解温度分别提高了44℃和20℃.加入MAH、PP-2的切片断面的微观形貌图显示切片内部凹陷和空洞较少,较为平整,PP-2改善切片相容性的效果优于MAH.PPC和PP置于磷酸缓冲液中30天的降解率分别为4.30%和0%,说明PP在磷酸缓冲液中几乎不降解.加了助剂的切片30天的降解率在3.80%以上,说明制备的PPC/PP非织造布切片是可降解的,对环境友好.开环反应、增加切片界面黏附力、降低界面张力等可能是助剂提高切片性能的作用机理.

The effect of maleic anhydride （MAH） and maleic anhydride grafted polypropylene （PP-2） on the structure and performance of biodegradable non-woven fabric slices of poly （ propylene carbonate） （ PPC）/ polypropylene （PP） was investigated by melt blending process. FTIR spectra showed that ring-opening reaction happened between the anhydride functional groups of MAH and PP-2 and PPC. The tensile strength of the slices were increased by 116% and 101% respectively with adding 1% MAH or 2% PP-2. This indicates that the tensile strength of the slices can be significantly increased by adding MAH or PP-2. The adding of MAH or PP-2 decreased the melt flow rate,increased the intrinsic viscosity, glass transition and thermal decomposition temperatures and also expanded the temperature ranges for using and processing the slices. The glass transition temperature （Tg） of the slices was increased 4 K by adding 1% MAH. The 5% weight loss temperatures （ T- 5% ） of the slices were increased 40 ℃ and 20 ℃ , respectively by adding 1% MAH or 2% PP-2. The SEM results of the slices showed that internal depressions and cavities were decreased by adding MAH or PP-2. The adding of PP-2 can improve the compatibility of the slices more significantly than MAH. The 30 days degradation rates of PPC and PP were 4.30% and 0% , PP was not degraded in phosphate buffer solution. The 30 days degradation rate of the slices with additives was higher than 3.80% ,this indicated that the non-woven fabric slices of PPC/PP prepared by melt blending process were biodegradable and environment-friendly. Ringopening reaction, increasing interface adhesion force and reducing interfacial tension maybe the mechanisms of the additives.