高海拔地区春小麦干物质积累与水热条件的关系

Relationship between dry matter accumulation of spring wheat and the water and thermal condition in high altitude area

为了探索气候变化情景下农作物种植应对措施,采用分期播种法,研究了高海拔旱作区不同气候情景对春小麦干物质积累过程中降水、热量的影响。结果表明,春小麦干物质积累量与积温、降水均呈极显著正相关,干物质积累期间的积温每增加50℃.d,累积生长量增加0.2 g.株-1.d-1;降水量增加10 mm,累积生长量增加0.11 g.株-1.d-1。计算两年不同播期水、热耦合指数,具有指数大干物质积累多,反之则有减少的趋势。在水、热要素中,降水在旱地春小麦干物质积累过程中的贡献更突出。最终干物质积累量与产量呈极显著正相关,干物质积累量增加,产量增加。根据干物质积累特点和不同气候条件提出了种植应对措施。

In order to explore the response measures of crop planting under the background of climate changes, the staging seeding test was conducted to evaluate the influence of water and thermal condition on dry matter accumulation of spring wheat in high altitude area. The result showed that the dry matter accumulation of spring wheat was positively re- lated with both accumulated temperature and precipitation at very significant level. If the accumulated temperature in- creased 50~C~ d, the accumulated growth quantity increased 0.2 g＂ plant-1, d-~; and if the precipitation increased 10 ram, the accumulated growth quantity increased 0.11 g＂ plant- 1. d- 1 during the dry matter accumulation period. The coupling index of water and temperature under different seeding stages in two test years was calculated, and it was found that when the index was high the dry matter accumulation tended to increase, otherwise it tended to reduce. In the factors of water and temperature, the contribution of precipitation was more prominent to the dry matter accumulation of spring wheat in dryland. There was a very significant positive correlation between the final dry matter accumulation and the yield. The planting mate conditions. were proposed according to the features of dry matter accumulation and different cli-mate conditions.