交替灌溉条件下水氮供给对番茄生长及水分利用的影响

Effects of water and nitrogen supply on growth and water use of tomato under controlled root-divided alternative irrigation

为探讨控制性分根区交替灌溉条件下不同水氮供给对作物生长特性的影响,采用番茄盆栽试验,研究了交替灌溉和水氮处理对番茄生长、产量和水分利用的影响。结果表明：交替灌溉方式下,低氮处理的番茄株高较大;高水低氮和低水中氮处理的茎粗较大;中氮处理的干物质累积总量分别是高氮和低氮的1.25倍和1.01倍。交替灌溉高水处理的水分利用效率均值分别是交替灌溉低水处理和常规充分灌水处理的1.05倍和1.12倍。交替灌溉增加根冠比7.89%~31.61%。常规充分灌水处理的产量均值最大,分别是交替高水和交替低水的1.05倍和1.39倍。在交替灌水条件下,中氮处理的耗水量分别是低氮和高氮的1.04倍和1.16倍。

In order to find out the influence of different water and nitrogen supply to growth characteristics of crops under the controlled root-divided.alternative irrigation （CRDI）, a pot experiment was conducted to analyze the growth, yield and water use efficiency of tomato under the treatments of CRDI as well as water and nitrogen supply. The results indicated that, under CRDI, the plant height of low nitrogen treatment was high, the stem diameter of high water and low nitrogen treatment or low water and middle nitrogen treatment was high, and the dry mass accumulation of medium nitro- gen treatment was 1.25 and 1.01 times that of high nitrogen treatment and low nitrogen treatment, respectively. The mean water use efficiency of high water treatment with CRDI was 1.05 and 1.12 times that of low water treatment with CRDI and high water treatment with conventional irrigation respectively. CRDI could increase root-shoot ratio by 7.89 % ~ 31.61 fro. The mean yield of high water treatment with conventional irrigation was the highest, which was 1.05 and 1.39 times that of high water treatment with CRDI and low water treatment with CRDI respectively. Under CRDI, the water consumption of medium nitrogen treatment was 1.04 and 1.16 times that of low nitrogen treatment and high nitrogen treatment respectively.