河南黄淮麦茬稻区适宜旱稻品种及鉴定指标的筛选

Screening for suitable varieties and identification indexes of drought resistance of upland rice in Huang-Huai wheat-rice planting region of Henan province

为筛选适合河南黄淮麦茬稻区种植的优良旱稻品种,建立适宜的旱稻鉴定评价体系,利用河南地区主要推广的23个水、旱稻为材料,于旱棚内旱直播种植,在孕穗期和成熟期对植株形态、生理生化性状和单株产量进行测定和分析。结果表明,水分胁迫条件下,高产品种的平均单株产量、分蘖数、株高、地上部鲜重和根基粗分别是低产品种的2.46、1.78、1.17、1.57和1.18倍,分蘖数、株高、地上部鲜重和根基粗与旱田单株产量呈显著正相关。旱田产量和分蘖数可以作为河南黄淮麦茬旱稻的评价指标,株高、地上部鲜重和根基粗可以作为辅助指标。初步筛选洛稻998、徐旱702、原旱稻3号和郑旱2号为适宜推广的高产抗旱品种。

The experiment was carried out to screen suitable varieties and identify indexes of drought resistance of u- pland rice in Huang-Huai wheat-rice planting region of Henan province, by using 23 rice varieties （including 21 upland varieties and 2 lowland varieties）. The effects of soil drought stress on the yield per plant, plant morphology, physiologi- cal and biochemical traits of different varieties were analyzed. The results indicated that the yield per plant, tiller num- ber, plant height, shoot fresh weight, and root base thickness of high-yield varieties were 2.46, 1.78, 1.17, 1.57 and 1.18 times respectively, compared to those of low-yield varieties under upland condition. Correlation analysis showed that the yield per plant was significantly correlated with the tiller number, plant height, shoot fresh weight and root base thickness. The yield and tiller number under upland condition could be used as identification indexes for drought resis- tance of upland rice in Huang-Huai wheat-flee planting region of Henan province. The plant height, shoot fresh weight and root base thickness could be used as auxiliary indicators. Luodao 998, Xuhan 702, Yuan handao 3 and Zhenghan 2 were the four drought resistant and high-yield varieties and were suitable for extension.