黄土高原土石山区土地利用变化对生态系统服务的影响——以宁武县为例

Effects of land use change on ecosystem services in earth-rock mountainous area of Loess Plateau, Northwest China: A case study of Ningwu County

在全球生态系统服务水平急剧下降的背景下,土地利用变化通过改变生态系统结构与功能进而对生态系统服务和人类福祉产生影响。以宁武县为研究区,引入土地利用程度指数,计算和分析当地土地利用变化过程;构建黄土高原土石山区生态系统服务价值评估模型;采用统计分析方法对土地系统和生态系统二者的耦合变化关系进行分析,以期为黄土高原土石山区的土地利用、生态恢复和人类福祉的提高提供科学支撑。结果表明:2001—2011年,随着土地利用程度的提高,宁武县生态系统服务价值总量呈现逐年增加的趋势,由2001年的55.8亿元,增加到2011年的63.2亿元,增加了13.4%,其变化过程主要受到供给服务和文化服务的影响;土地利用程度与供给服务和文化服务的相关性较强,而与调节服务和支持服务的相关性较差。

Under the background of the sharp decline of global ecosystem services level, land use change alters the structure and function of ecosystem, and further, affects the supply of ecosystem services and the human well-being. Taking Ningwu County as the study area and by using land use intensity index, this paper analyzed the regional land use change processes. In the mean- time, an ecosystem services evaluation model for the earth-rock mountainous area of Loess Plat- eau was constructed through combining the material and value assessment methods, and the cou- pling changes between land systems and ecosystems were analyzed by statistical analysis methods, aimed to provide scientific support for the promotion of land use, ecological restoration, and hu- man well-being in the earth-rock mountainous area of Loess Plateau. The results showed that in 2001-2011, with the promotion of land use intensity, the total ecosystem services value in the County increased yearly, from 5.58 billion yuan （RMB） in 2001 to 6.32 billion yuan in 2011, with an increment of 13.4%. The regional land use change processes were mainly affected by the provision services and cultural services. Land use intensity had a close correlation with the provi- sion and cultural services, but poor correlation with regulation services and supporting services