理性大学·学术资本大学·民主大学——大学转型的知识社会学阐释

The Rational University,the Capital University and the Democratic University ——On the University Transformation from the Perspective of the Sociology of Knowledge

高深知识是大学的基础性材料同时也是社会建构的产物,由此大学、高深知识与社会之间就具有了内在的关联。这正是知识社会学的思维方式。基于知识社会学的分析框架,从大学产生时代的中世纪至今,人类社会的知识类型经历了形而上学型知识和科学型知识,并正走向文化型知识。这些知识类型在大学中分别表现为普遍与自由知识、资本知识和协商知识。大学知识的演变,使得大学从理性大学转变为学术资本大学,如今又出现了民主大学的雏形。

Advanced knowledge is the foundation of the university,and the outcome of the social construction.Hence,there are intrinsic relationships between the university,advanced knowledge and society,which is the thinking way of the sociology of knowledge.From the perspective of the sociology of knowledge,it puts forward that the society knowledge types were transformed from the metaphysics to scientific from the medieval times till now,and then it＇s going to be the cultural ones.Universal knowledge,liberal knowledge,capital knowledge and negotiatory knowledge are the forms of these knowledge types in the university.Along with the transformation of knowledge,the university was changed from the rational university to the academic capital university,and is to be the democratic university in the future.