6所医学院校学报论著中科研设计类型分析

ANALYSIS OF RESEARCH DESIGNS IN MEDICAL PAPERS PUBLISHED IN 6 MEDICAL COLLEGE JOURNALS

1目的 分析 5年来 6所医学院校学报论著中各种科研设计类型的应用情况及其变化趋势。 2方法评阅了 1992 ,1997年 6所医学院校学报论著 44 4篇和 5 2 1篇 ,对其设计类型、设计存在问题及 5年来的变化趋势进行调查。 3结果 1992年和 1997年发表的 96 5篇论著中 ,构成比占前 5位的是 :病例分析 (31.4% ) ,非随机同期对照研究 (2 1.6 % ) ,随机同期对照动物实验 (13.7% ) ,形态学描述 (6 .7% ) ,自身对照研究 (6 .0 % )。 1997年和 1992年相比 ,论证强度较低的设计类型如病例分析、个案报道的比例虽有下降 ,但病例分析仍占到 2 7.1% ;而论证强度最高的随机同期对照研究 (RCT)在临床试验中的比例虽有上升 ,但总的比例仍很低 ,只占 11.2 5 % .科研设计中存在的问题主要有可比性差 (或无可比性 )、缺乏对照、自身对照设计时无平行对照组、样本缺乏代表性。4结论 5年来在医学科研中论证强度较高的设计类型的应用率虽有提高 ,但总体上比例仍很低 ,同时在设计时存在着一些问题 ,在进行医学研究时对科研设计方面的问题要有足够的重视。

Objective To assess the research designs in papers published in 6 medical college journals over the last 5 years.\ Methods\ The types of research designs in the medical papers published in 6 medical college journals in 1992 ( n =444) and 1997 ( n =521) were evaluted.\ Results\ Of 965 papers evaluated, the first 5 types of paper were case report 31.4%, NRCT 21.6%, RCT 13.7%, morphological description 6.7%, selfcontrol research 6.0%. Compared with 1992, although the proportions of case analysis and case report, which has lower quality of research design, decreased, case analysis still reached to 27.1% . The proportion of RCT in clinical trials which has greater quality of research design increased, but proportion in total was still low, 11.25%. The major problems of research design were lack of control, poor comparison, non representativeness of sample, lack of parallel control when self control design was used.\ Conclusion\ The use of greater quality research design has been increasing in the past 5 years, but the absolute proportion was still low. Some serious problems still remains. [