船用四冲程增压柴油机整机建模与故障模拟

Mathematical modeling and fault simulation for 4-stroke turbocharged marine diesel engine

利用AVL_BOOST软件建立4190系列船用四冲程增压柴油机整机模型,并对柴油机额定工况进行仿真计算,通过柴油机额定工况下的实机实验数据对BOOST模型进行修正,直至仿真模型计算结果与实验数据吻合.利用验证的BOOST仿真模型,结合4190系列中速柴油机的特点,根据柴油机的故障分类对柴油机额定工况下的供油定时、单缸供油量不均匀、活塞环漏气、涡轮增压器效率降低和空冷器冷却效率下降故障进行仿真计算,得出不同故障下柴油机性能参数与热工参数的变化,为柴油机故障的诊断与排除提供一定参考.

The whole mathematical model of 4190 series four-stroke turbocharged marine diesel engine is build by using the AVL_BOOST software,and the simulation of the diesel engine rated operating conditions is carried out.The BOOST model is corrected by actual experimental data of diesel engine rated conditions,until the simulation result is consistent with experimental data.Then using the BOOST simulation model validated,combining with the characteristics of the 4190 series of medium-speed diesel engine,fault simulations are carried out at rated conditions for injection timing,single-cylinder fuel supply uneven,piston ring leaking,efficiency of the turbocharger reducing as well as cooling efficiency decreasing of air cooler according to the various fault classification of the diesel engine.The changes of diesel engine performance parameters and thermal parameters are derived in different failure modes,which can provide some reference for diesel engine fault diagnosis and troubleshooting.