异位妊娠发病的相关因素分析

Analysis on Correlation Factors of Ectopic Pregnancy

目的探讨异位妊娠发病的相关危险因素,提出防范措施,减少异位妊娠的发生。方法采用病例对照研究方法,选择本院妇产科收治的异位妊娠孕妇180例为病例组,按照1∶2匹配方式随机选择同期在本医院要求流产的正常妊娠妇女360例为对照组,搜集可能影响异位妊娠的因素进行单因素和多因素Logistic回归分析。结果单因素分析显示,异位妊娠者文化程度低、妇科炎症、多次孕产、腹腔手术、宫内节育器、口服避孕药、不孕史、异位妊娠史、吸烟史和多个性伴侣的构成比明显高于正常妊娠者(P<0.05)。多因素分析结果显示,妇科炎症、多次孕产、宫内节育器、口服避孕药物和不孕史是异位妊娠发生的独立危险因素。结论异位妊娠的发生是一种因素或多种因素综合作用的结果,加强性健康宣教、减少非意愿妊娠和预防妇科炎症是降低异位妊娠发病率的重要措施。

Objective To explore the correlation factors of ectopic pregnancy and to propose preventive meas-ures so as to reduce the rate of ectopic pregnancy. Methods Case-control study was adopted. 180 patients with ec-topic pregnancy （experimental group）, selected from hospital for medical treatment, enrolled in this study. According to 1 ： 2 paired principle,360 cases with normal pregnancy who asked for a abortion in our hospital were randomly selected as controls. The collected data was analyzed by univariate analysis and multivariate logistic re-gression analysis. Results The univariate analysis showed that the constituent ratio of poor education,genital in-flamrnation, history of multiple pregnancy and delivery, history of abdominal surgery,intrauterine device insertion, oral contraceptive, history of infertility, history of ectopic pregnancy, smoking and multiple sexual partners in ex- perimental group was higher than those in control group （P〈0.05）. The multivariate logistic regression analysis showed that genital inflammation, multiple pregnancy and delivery, intrauterine device, oral contraceptive and histo-ry of infertility were the independent influencing factors of ectopic pregnancy. Conclusion The ectopic pregnancy could be caused by a single factor or multiple factors. More measures should be performed to reduce the incidence of ectopic pregnancy,such as the strengthen of sexual health education, reduction of unwanted pregnancy and the prevention of genital inflammation.