上海市金山区中小学生视力状况调查

Investigation of Visual Impairment among Primary and Middle School Students in Jinshan District of Shanghai

目的:了解上海市金山区中小学生的视力状况及戴镜情况,为中小学生视力不良的防治工作提供依据。方法:2009年4月至9月,对上海市金山区3114名1～8年级中小学生的视力、戴镜状况、视力不良新发生情况进行调查。结果:学生视力不良率随年级增加而呈逐渐升高趋势,1～8年级分别为13.6%、11.7%、24.7%、41.5%、60.4%、77.5%、67.8%、86.3%,总视力不良率为47.1%。其中男生视力不良率为44.31%,女生为51.0%,男女生视力不良率差异有统计学意义(P<0.01)。视力不良者中,近视者占95.6%,总戴镜率为47.0%。视力不良新发生率为20.3%。视力不良者到医院就诊随访率仅为4.5%。结论:中小学生视力不良率随着年级的升高而增加,男女生视力不良率有明显差异。视力不良原因以近视为主。中小学生视力不良者戴镜率低,专业机构随访率及检查治疗率低,需加强引导。

Objective：To investigate the prevalence and incidence of visual impairment in primary and middle school students（Grade 1 to 8） in Jinshan District of Shanghai,and to provide information for the prevention and treatment of poor eyesight.Methods：From April 2009 to September 2009,a total of 3114 students were enrolled in the survey.The eyesight,glasses wearing status and new incidences of poor eyesight of all students were included in the survey.Results： The prevalence rate of poor eyesight increased gradually with the increase of grades.The incidences of poor eyesight were 13.6%,11.7%,24.7%,41.5%,60.4%,77.5%,67.8%,86.3% respectively in Grade 1 to Grade 8.The overall rate of poor eyesight was 47.1%.The poor eyesight rates of boys and girls were 44.31% and 51.0%（P0.01）.The overall glasses wearing rate was 47%.The new incidence of poor eyesight was 20.3%.The follow-up rate of poor eyesight students was 4.5%.Conclusions： The prevalence rate of poor eyesight gradually increased with the increase of grades and there were significant differences between boys and girls.The low glasses wearing rate in poor eyesight students and the low follow-up and treatment rates need improvement.