电解质紊乱的血生化检验与心电图表现对比研究

Comparative study on manifestations of blood biochemical detection and electrocardiogram in electrolyte disturbance

目的研究常见电解质紊乱患者的心电图表现,探讨用心电图诊断电解质紊乱的准确率。方法随机抽取心电图室作出低钾、高钾、低钙血症诊断的心电图各50份,共150份,与患者当天血液离子进行生化结果比较。结果高钾血症符合率为64%,低钾血症符合率为82%,低钙血症符合率为98%,两两比较,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。结论由心律失常推断某种电解质紊乱的特异性较差,而由心电图中ST-T改变诊断低钙、低钾、高钾血症有一定实用价值,尤其以低钙血症心电图诊断与血生化结果符合率最高。

Objective To research the electrocardiogram（ECG） manifestations of common electrolyte disturbance and to discuss the accuracy of ECG diagnosis.Methods 150 ECG reports with the ECG diagnosis of hypokalemia,hyperkalemia and hypocalcemia were randomly sampled,50 samples in each group,and compared with the results of corresponding serum electrolyte level in blood biochemical detection at the same day.Results The coincidence rate was 64% in hyperkalemia,82% in hypokalemia and 98% in hypocalcemia,there was statistical difference between any two groups（P0.05）.Conclusion Inferring electrolyte disturbance by arrhythmia has poor specificity,but the ECG ST-T change for diagnosing hypocalcemia,hypokalemia and hyperkalemia has a definite practical value,especially the coincidence rate of EKG diagnosis and blood biochemical results is highest in hypocalcemia.