农村集体建设用地价值“释放”的新思路——基于成都和无锡农村集体建设用地流转模式的比较

The New Approach to Release the Value of Rural Construction Land——A Comparative Study Based on the Transfer Model of the Collective Land in Rural Areas in Wuxi and Chengdu

目前,农村集体建设用地进入土地市场的途径只有政府征收,这无疑束缚了农村集体建设用地的价值,制约了农村社会经济的发展。文章通过比较成都市和无锡市集体建设用地流转的制度设计与实际效果,发现成都模式所采取的农民集体主导、社会力量参与、政府引导和监管的方式,是还权赋能的做法,在农村集体建设用地的流转模式中具有较强的优势,很好地解决了农村的发展问题。由此得出,在农村的后发增长路径中,通过农村集体建设用地流转来释放农村土地价值是一种新思路。在此基础上,对农村集体建设用地流转政策创新提出建议:政府可考虑还权赋能,放弃对土地收益的垄断;政府与市场进行合理分工,加快农村发展的进度;加大土地制度改革,统筹城乡发展;以农民集体推动为主,保护农民利益,进而完善财政转移支付的机制等。

The current rural land transfer rules on entering urban land market actually bounds the real value of rural land due to governmental monopoly,which further restricts the development of rural area.This paper compares the local institutional design and practical effectiveness of the rural construction land transfer policies in Chengdu and Wuxi.The results show that the institutional settings in Chengdu,carried in forms of farmers dominance,social forces＇ participation and supervision of the government,virtually return rights to farmers.This mode is of great advantage in solving the problems of rural development.Therefore,we argue that releasing rural land value is a new way of promoting the development of rural area as a latecomer.The paper concludes with some policy recommendations.For instance,the government can release the rural land value if it aims to promote rural development;a well functioned market mechanism is also a key for rural development;land use policy reform can be a new way of integrating the rural-urban co-development;farmers can have more power and rights for protecting their own interests during the transfer.