数字阵列天线接收通道宽带信号校准与波束形成技术研究

Study on the Calibration of Receiving Channels and the Beamforming Technology for Wideband Digital Array Antennas

本文提出了一种简洁、实用的天线接收通道宽带信号校准方法.该方法采用零中频信号处理技术,通过理论分析将数字阵列天线接收通道宽带线性调频信号校准分为通道间的时间和相位校准,证明了接收通道间宽带线性调频信号相位校准可以转化为单频信号进行,给出了接收通道间宽带信号的幅度校准方法和时间校准允许的误差范围.在通道校准基础上,采用脉冲压缩技术合成了宽带天线方向图.实验结果表明,本文方法是有效、可行的.

A simple and practical method for the calibration of digital array＇s receiving channels is proposed.Theoretical analysis demonstrates that the LFM signal of zero intermediate frequency synchronization among the different receiving channels of an antenna depends on their phase and time calibration.The phase calibration of a wideband LFM signal in receiving channels can be converted into the calibration of a single frequency＇s.The method of its amplitude calibration and the required measurment precision of the relative delays for receiving channels calibration are also derived.A wideband beamforming procedure is developed by using pulse compression based on channels calibration.The experimental results prove that the method is effective.